ik heb al een tijdje een bonsai (carmona) maar ik weet niet juist hoe ik hem moet onderhouden. Wie
meer weet mag mij informeren.
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Reacties
Anoniem:
01-11-2005
Ik hoop dat Engels niet al te moeilijk is maar dit is een goed bruikbaar artikeltje:
Succes,
Martin
Fukien tea - Carmona microphylla or Ehretia microphylla
General Information: A very small genus of tropical tree which was once referred to (and still often
listed as) Carmona. The most widely known Ehretia species is the Fukien tea, a tropical shrub
originating in Southern China and other parts of Southeast Asia. It is very popular for bonsai in
China, but not a traditional favorite in Japan. It can be grown outdoors in warm climates, but is
quite popular as an indoor bonsai. Ehretia anacua, a recent addition to bonsai, is more resistant to
heat and draught.
Lighting: Likes a bright position (1000 Lux). Most sources recommend only about an hour of direct
sunlight daily, although success has been reported growing it in a sunny position all day.
Temperature: Ehretia prefers temperatures between 60-72F in winter, although occasional dips into
the forties produce no ill effects. In the summer, most books recommend protection from extreme
heat, although the plant has been successfully grown in sweltering Texas weather. Ehretia does not
like draughts.
Watering: Keep well watered, reducing watering only slightly in winter. Never allow Ehretia to stand
in water, or allow the soil to dry out completely. Frequent misting will discourage spider mites,
but will apparently encourage mealy bugs. Choose your poison! Ehretia anacua, a Texas native, is
more resistant to draughts, and likes to dry out a bit between waterings, but should not be allowed
to become bone dry.
Feeding: Every two weeks during growth, every four-six weeks in winter. Use bonsai food or half
strength plant food. Do NOT use Miracid. Fukien tea does not like to be overfed; Lesniewicz suggests
watering well before feeding to avoid root burn. Feeding weekly has been reported with success - I
would guess that frequency of feeding can be increased as long as the strength of the food is kept
diluted.
Pruning and wiring: Prune new shoots after six to eight leaves have appeared. The leaves are tiny
enough that leaf pruning should not be necessary. Can be wired any time during the growing season,
but it is generally styled through pruning alone. Wire should not be left on over three months. Its
small leaves and fine branch ramification make it ideal for miniature bonsai.
Ehretia anacua does not ramify as well, and its stiff branches make wiring dangerous. It has a
strong tendency towards apical growth, and needs constant pinching of topmost branches. It buds back
readily on old wood, and is suitable for any style, although broom and literati are especially
nice.
Propagation: By seed or softwood cuttings in spring or summer. Cuttings root more readily if given
bottom heat.
Repotting: Every 2-3 years, in early spring. Reduce water after root pruning. Bottom heat helps
stimulate new root growth. Use basic soil mix. Ehretia anacua is a faster grower than other Ehretia
species, and may need yearly repotting in hot climates. It may be repotted spring-fall, but should
be defoliated in the heat of summer. Beware of snapping thick roots - they are more brittle than
they appear.
Pests and diseases: Aphids, scale, chlorosis, mealy-bugs, snails. Red spider mites find this plant a
special treat, and will attack it over any other plants in the area. Unfortunately, Fukien tea is
very sensitive to insecticides, and Diazinon will kill the tree. Use the weakest insecticide
possible that will address a particular problem, or if possible, employ predator insects. Will drop
leaves if underwatered. Overwatering results in yellow, sickly leaves. It is quite sensitive to
sudden changes in temperature and lighting. Ehretia anacua is more resistant to pests, with leaf
miners being the only reported problem.
Some species suitable for bonsai:
o Ehretia anacua - Rick describes this tree: 15 to 40 feet tall with a straight, fluted trunk having
thick, furrowed dark brown bark. The leaves are rounded, dark green, and extremely rough, like
sandpaper. The tree is listed as evergreen but colder temperatures will cause them to shed their
3" leaves. Depending on rainfall, the tree will flower, with clusters of white blooms, from
early spring through late fall. The flowers are followed by yellow to red, two-seeded berries.
o Ehretia buxifolia (also called Carmona microphylla, Ehretia microphylla): Fukien tea, Philippine
tea - Well loved for bonsai due to its tiny, shiny green leaves, tiny white flowers throughout the
year, and red berries.
o Ehretia dicksonii - a deciduous species of Ehretia. Rare as bonsai.
o Ehretia thrysiflora - Another deciduous species of Ehretia which deserves wider use in bonsai.
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